Changes of HDL-C/LDL-C, ApoA1/ApoB and Lp(a) and their relationship with the degree/number of coronary artery lesions in patients with coronary heart disease

Objective  To investigate the changes of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C/LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1/apolipoprotein B(ApoA1/ApoB) and lipoprotein a Lp(a) in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD), and their relationship with the degree/number of coronary artery lesions.

Methods  Ninety patients with CHD and 100 healthy subjects were divided into the CHD group and control group, respectively.The levels of HDL-C/LDL-C, ApoA1/ApoB and Lp(a) were compared between two groups, and among the patients with different degree/number of coronary artery lesions.

Results  The levels of HDL-C/LDL-C and ApoA1/ApoB in the CHD group were lower than those in control group(P < 0.01 and P < 0.05), and the Lp(a) levels were higher than those in control group(P < 0.05).Among the 90 patients with CHD, 26 patients had single vessel lesions, 30 patients had double vessel lesions, and 34 patients had multi-vessel lesions.With the increase of the number of lesions, the levels of HDL-C/LDL-C and ApoA1/ApoB showed a decreasing trend(P < 0.01), and the level of Lp(a) showed an increasing trend(P < 0.01).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the number of lesions was negatively correlated with levels of HDL-C/LDL-C and ApoA1/ApoB(r=-0.474, -0.501, P < 0.01), and positively correlated with Lp(a) level(r=0.379, P < 0.01).The results of ROC showed that the AUC and sensitivity of the combined evaluation of three indexes in CHD patients with two or more branches of lesions were higher than that of the single index diagnosis(P < 0.01), and the cut-off values of three indexes for the diagnosis of two or more branches of lesions were 0.405, 1.425 and 273.120 mg/L, respectively.

Conclusions  HDL-C/LDL-C, ApoA1/ApoB and Lp(a) levels are closely related to the degree/number of coronary artery lesions in patients with CHD.The combined detection of the three has a high value correlation in evaluating the degree/number of coronary artery lesions in CHD patients, and which is worthy of close monitoring in clinical practice.