Correlation analysis of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 expression level in saliva and disease severity of patients with chronic periodontitis

Objective To investigate the relationship between long non-coding RNA PH domain containing 5 antisense RNA1 (lncRNA FGD5-AS1) in saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and disease severity.

Methods A total of 138 CP patients were selected as the observation group.According to the severity of the patients, they were divided into mild CP group with 39 cases, moderate CP group with 51 cases, and severe CP group with 48 cases.In addition, 59 healthy people for physical examination were selected as the control group.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the relative expression levels of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 and miR-142-3p in the saliva of subjects.Pearson method was performed to analyze the correlation between lncRNA FGD5-AS1, miR-142-3p and plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), probing depth of periodontal pocket (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding index (BI), and the correlation between the levels of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 and miR-142-3p.ROC curve was performed to analyze the diagnostic value of salivary lncRNA FGD5-AS1 and miR-142-3p for CP.Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the risk factors for CP.

Results The salivary lncRNA FGD5-AS1 level of the observation group was obviously lower than that of the control group, and the miR-142-3p level was obviously higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01).The more severe the CP, the lower the lncRNA FGD5-AS1 level in patients (P < 0.01), and the higher the miR-142-3p level (P < 0.01).The level of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 in the observation group was negtively correlated with PLI, GI, PD, CAL, BI, and miR-142-3p (P < 0.01), and the level of miR-142-3p was positively correlated with PLI, GI, PD, CAL, and BI (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).ROC curve analysis showed that compared with the single diagnosis of lncRNA FGD5-AS1, the AUC of the two combined diagnosis of CP was higher (P < 0.05), and compared with the single diagnosis of miR-142-3p, the AUC of the two combined diagnosis of CP was not obviously different (P>0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low level of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 and high level of miR-142-3p were independent risk factors for the occurrence of CP (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01).

Conclusions The expression level of lncRNA FGD5-AS1 in the saliva of CP patients is decreased, and the expression level of miR-142-3p is increased, and the two are tightly related to the severity of the patient's disease.