Causes and management of exposed hydroxyapatite artificial eye pedestal after implantation

Objective: To analyze the causes and management of exposed hydroxyapatite (HA) artificial eyes after implantation.Methods: Nine cases of exposed orbital implant were analyzed retrospectively.Different therapies were applied to different cases in accordance to the causes.Amniotic membrane transplantion was performed in 5 cases.Results: All the 9 exposure cases healed well and no recurrence was observed.Conclusions: Several factors may contribute to the implant exposure;proper management and amniotic membrane implantation are effective for the exposure of hydroxyapatite.